Kateb International Journal of Economics and Management
type: channel
description: The Kateb International Journal of Economics and Management, published by Kateb University, is a peer-reviewed scholarly journal that follows a double-blind review process. It is issued on a biannual basis and provides open access to its full content. The journal specializes in the fields of trade economics, business administration, and public administration, with a focus on both Afghanistan and the broader international context. The primary mission of the journal is to advance the production and exchange of knowledge in economics and management through the regular publication of high-quality scientific research. It seeks to foster academic collaboration, address contemporary economic and managerial challenges across societies—particularly in Afghanistan—and contribute to the expansion of knowledge frontiers while offering evidence-based solutions for sustainable development. The journal welcomes both original research articles and review papers from scholars that explore significant aand emerging issues in its areas of focus. Submissions must be original, unpublished, and not under review by other journals. General Information Title (English): Kateb International Journal of Economics and Management Title (Persian): مجله بین المللی اقتصاد و مدیریت کاتب Publisher/Owner: Kateb University Publishing Body: Kateb University Scope: Trade Economics, Business Administration, Public Administration Peer-Review Model: Double-Blind Review Year of Establishment: 2013 (originally launched as Kateb Scientific Quarterly) Date of National Accreditation: 13/05/2021 Accreditation/Rank: Recognized as a National Scientific-Research Journal (Ministry of Higher Education, Afghanistan) Average Time for Initial Review: Approximately 10 days Average Peer-Review and Acceptance Period: 2–3 months (minimum of two referees) Publication Frequency: Biannual (two issues per year) Languages of Publication: Persian (Dari) and English Format: Electronic and limited print edition Access Policy: Free an…
publisher: پوهنتون کاتب
language: en
publication name: Kateb International Journal of Economics and Management
issn: 3006-6085
items: The Impact of Business Environment on Entrepreneurship: A Case Study of Selected Islamic Countries
items: An Analysis of Afghanistan’s Gross Domestic Product Over the Past Decade and Policy Recommendations for Its Enhancement
items: The Impact of the Human Development Index, Inflation, and Economic Growth on Unemployment in Afghanistan (2002–2023)
items: The Impact of Interest Rate, Investment, Inflation and Consumption and on GDP of Selected SAARC Member Countries (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka) from 2001 to 2022
items: The Impact of Population Growth on Poverty in Southeast Asian Countries (1393-1403)
items: Assessing the Impact of Liquidity on Bank Profitability: A Comparative Study of Public and Private Banks in Afghanistan
items: Meta-Analysis of Factors Influencing Rural Entrepreneurship in Afghanistan
items: Examining the Relationship Between Employee’s Job Satisfaction and Performance: A Case Study of Administrative Employees at Kabul Education University
items: The Impact of Microfinance on the Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in Kabul (A Case Study of District 13)
items: Examining the Impact of Entrepreneurship on Income Distribution Inequality in Selected South Asian Countries (2003–2023)
items: The Impact of Government Health Expenditures on Child Mortality in Afghanistan During the Years (2002–2024)
items: Investigating the Factors Affecting the Export of High Technology Product in emerging countries 2007-2017
items: Investigating the Impact of Government Size on Gross Domestic Product in Afghanistan Using the Vector Regression (VAR) Model
items: Investigating the effect of financial policy on inflation with emphasis on government expenditures In Afghanistan in the period (1381-1395)
items: Investigating the trend of scientific production in the field of entrepreneurial ecosystem: Bibliometric analysis
items: Review of the relative advantage of agricultural product exports from Afghanistan (2005–2018)
items: Income on the Impact of Monetary Policy Channels on Economic Variables Based on the Systemic Dynamic Approach
items: The Impact of Income Inequality on Imports in Selected Member Countries of the Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO)
items: Evaluation of Health Indicators of Khalmezbank Islamic Bank of Afghanistan (Bakhtar Bank) Before and After its Conversion to Islamic Banking.
items: The Impact of Macroeconomic Variables on the Economic Growth of Afghanistan (ARDL Approach)
items: University E-learning Model in Afghanistan
items: The Impact of Information and Communication Technology on the Exports and Imports of BRICS Member Countries During the Years 2000 to 2020.
items: Determinants of Vulnerability to Poverty in Afghanistan
items: The Impact of Consumer Price Index on Foreign Exchange Reserves of Afghanistan
items: Economic Management and Its Role in Child Upbringing
items: The Impact of Knowledge-Based Human Resource Management with the Mediating Role of Intellectual Capital and Social Capital on Innovation in Afghan Manufacturing Companies
items: The Impact of the Tourism Industry on Income Distribution in Selected Developing Countries during 2010-2020
items: Investigating the Impact of Information and Communication Technology on the Business Environment in BRICS Countries from 2000 to 2020
items: A Comparative Analysis of Islamic and Conventional Banking
items: Examination of Monetary and Fiscal Policies in the Islamic Economic System with a System Dynamics Approach

The Impact of Business Environment on Entrepreneurship: A Case Study of Selected Islamic Countries
type: item
description: In recent decades, the role of entrepreneurship in fostering economic growth and sustainable development, particularly within Islamic countries, has gained increasing attention. Serving as the foundation for economic and entrepreneurial activities, the business environment enhances efficiency and factor productivity, ultimately leading to wealth creation, technological advancement, and productive job creation. Therefore, establishing a favorable business environment is a fundamental prerequisite for entrepreneurial development. Empirical evidence and reports from international institutions, such as the World Bank, demonstrate that the quality of the business environment exerts a direct influence on the expansion of entrepreneurial activities. Consequently, this study employs a panel data model to examine the impact of the business environment on entrepreneurship across four selected Islamic countries (Iran, Turkey, Malaysia, and Indonesia) over the period 2006–2020. The results indicate that the 'Ease of Doing Business Index' possesses a positive and significant coefficient. This implies that reducing administrative barriers, corruption, and legal complexities, alongside enhancing the ease of starting a business, leads to increased business ownership. Furthermore, the positive coefficient of this index suggests that improving the business environment enhances individuals' motivation and capacity to establish and register businesses. Moreover, control variables such as the unemployment rate and Gross Capital Formation (GCF) demonstrate significant effects on entrepreneurship. Specifically, an increase in unemployment correlates with a decline in entrepreneurial activities, whereas an increase in Gross Capital Formation exhibits a positive relationship with the growth of such activities, highlighting the crucial role of the macroeconomic environment in strengthening entrepreneurship.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Entrepreneurship
  topic: keywords
subject: Business Environment
  topic: keywords
subject: Panel Data
  topic: keywords
subject: Selected Islamic Countries
  topic: keywords
creator: Mohammad Rahim Ehsan
creator: Ghulam Ali Mohibby
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Kateb International Journal of Economics and Management
date: 2026-04-14
publication date: 2026-04-14
starting page: 205
ending page: 223

An Analysis of Afghanistan’s Gross Domestic Product Over the Past Decade and Policy Recommendations for Its Enhancement
type: item
description: Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is one of the fundamental indicators for analyzing a country’s economic status and is composed of three main sectors: agriculture, industry, and services. This paper aims to analyze Afghanistan’s GDP portfolio by examining the perspectives, historical background, roles of each sector, and assessing the share and performance of these sectors over the past decade. The study is quantitative in nature and, using statistical data and comparative analyses, evaluates the actual contribution of each sector to the country’s economic growth through analytical and descriptive methods.This research is conducted to provide policy recommendations and evaluate strategies for Afghanistan’s economic growth. The findings indicate that although the services sector holds a larger share of GDP, the industrial sector possesses greater strategic advantages in terms of generating sustainable value added, creating productive employment, enhancing exports, and linking with other sectors. Its capacity to stimulate long-term economic growth is more pronounced. The analysis clearly confirms that strengthening the industrial sector should be prioritized in the country’s economic policymaking, as it can serve as a key driver for Afghanistan’s sustainable development.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Gross Domestic Product
  topic: keywords
subject: Economic Growth
  topic: keywords
subject: Strategic Advantage
  topic: keywords
subject: Afghanistan
  topic: keywords
creator: Mohammad Jan Rahmani
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Kateb International Journal of Economics and Management
date: 2026-04-14
publication date: 2026-04-14

The Impact of the Human Development Index, Inflation, and Economic Growth on Unemployment in Afghanistan (2002–2023)
type: item
description: Unemployment has been one of the fundamental economic and social challenges in Afghanistan over the past two decades. Despite efforts made to improve key macroeconomic indicators, this challenge continues to persist in the country. The main objective of this study is to examine the impact of the human development index (HDI), inflation, and economic growth on the unemployment rate in Afghanistan during the period 2002–2023. This research adopts a quantitative approach and employs time-series econometric methods. The model is estimated using multiple regression with heteroskedasticity correction based on the Newey–West (HAC) method. The results indicate that economic growth has a negative and statistically significant effect on unemployment; specifically, a one-percent increase in economic growth leads to an average decrease of about 0.063 percent in the unemployment rate. In contrast, the human development index and the inflation rate do not show statistically significant effects on unemployment in Afghanistan. The findings suggest that economic growth alone is not a sufficient condition for reducing unemployment, and the effectiveness of the human development index is realized only when the labor market structure and the country’s skill formation system are aligned with the actual needs of the economy.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Unemployment
  topic: keywords
subject: Human Development Index
  topic: keywords
subject: Inflation
  topic: keywords
subject: Economic Growth
  topic: keywords
subject: Afghanistan
  topic: keywords
creator: Abdulmatin Nazari
creator: Mohammad Fahim Karimi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Kateb International Journal of Economics and Management
date: 2026-04-14
publication date: 2026-04-14
starting page: 163
ending page: 184

The Impact of Interest Rate, Investment, Inflation and Consumption and on GDP of Selected SAARC Member Countries (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka) from 2001 to 2022
type: item
description: Economic growth, as a main objective of macroeconomic policymaking in developing countries, necessitates a precise identification of the key macroeconomic determinants of GDP. This study investigates the effects of interest rates, investment, inflation, and consumption on the GDP of selected SAARC countries (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka) over the period 2001–2022. The empirical analysis employs a panel data framework; following stationarity tests and the absence of evidence for a long-run equilibrium relationship among the variables, the model is estimated in first differences using the fixed effects specification. To ensure efficiency and reliability of the estimated coefficients, the EGLS method with Panel-Corrected Standard Errors (PCSE) is applied. The results indicate that investment exerts a positive and statistically significant impact, whereas inflation has a negative and significant effect on GDP in the studied countries; in contrast, interest rates and consumption do not exhibit statistically significant effects on economic growth during the analyzed period. Overall, the findings underscore the crucial role of productive investment and the necessity of maintaining price stability as fundamental preconditions for sustainable economic growth in South Asia, providing an empirical basis for evidence-informed economic policymaking in the region.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: GDP
  topic: keywords
subject: Interest Rate
  topic: keywords
subject: Investment
  topic: keywords
subject: Inflation
  topic: keywords
subject: Consumption
  topic: keywords
subject: SAARC
  topic: keywords
creator: Abdul Zakir Nabil
creator: Mohammad Hassan Hassani
creator: Farhad Behrangi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Kateb International Journal of Economics and Management
date: 2026-04-14
publication date: 2026-04-14
starting page: 147
ending page: 161

The Impact of Population Growth on Poverty in Southeast Asian Countries (1393-1403)
type: item
description: Poverty is one of the most significant development challenges in Southeast Asian countries, deeply intertwined with social, economic, and human structures. This phenomenon not only reflects income inequality and weaknesses in social support systems but also constitutes a serious barrier to sustainable growth and social justice. The present study aims to examine the impact of population growth on poverty in Southeast Asian countries during the period 1393–1403. The research employs the Generalized Least Squares (GLS) method, using panel data regression models to analyze the relationships among variables. The data were extracted from international statistical sources and analyzed using EViews software. The results indicate that the health variable, with a coefficient of −1.571792 and a significance level of 0.0190, has a negative and significant effect on poverty, implying that improvements in health indicators and equitable access to healthcare services contribute to poverty reduction. Additionally, the education variable, with a coefficient of −0.287840 and a significance level of 0.0740, exhibits a negative and moderately significant effect, highlighting the role of educational investment in poverty alleviation. In contrast, population growth, with a coefficient of 0.991023 and a significance level of 0.0239, has a positive and significant effect on poverty, indicating that an increasing population exerts pressure on economic resources and exacerbates inequality. The findings suggest that coordinated health, education, and population policies can play an effective role in reducing poverty and enhancing welfare in Southeast Asian countries.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Poverty
  topic: keywords
subject: Population Growth
  topic: keywords
subject: Health
  topic: keywords
subject: Education
  topic: keywords
subject: Southeast Asian Countries
  topic: keywords
creator: Surajudin Fetrat
creator: Mohammad Ehsan Erfani
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Kateb International Journal of Economics and Management
date: 2026-04-14
publication date: 2026-04-14
starting page: 127
ending page: 146

Assessing the Impact of Liquidity on Bank Profitability: A Comparative Study of Public and Private Banks in Afghanistan
type: item
description: This study examines the effect of liquidity on the profitability of banks. Profitability is measured through Return on Assets (ROA), while liquidity is analyzed using financial ratios such as the Quick Ratio (QR), Current Ratio (CR), and Cash Ratio. The size of the bank is considered as a control variable. The study uses data collected from nine banks—three state-owned and six private—over the five-year period from 2016 to 2020. Based on preliminary tests, data exhibits a panel structure and according to model specification tests result a Pooled OLS regression model has been employed, the findings indicate that return on asset (ROA) has a significant and positive relationship with both cash ratio and the current ratio, while it shows a negative and insignificant relationship with the quick ratio. Furthermore, this effect is not significant across large, medium and small banks, suggesting that bank size does not have a meaningful impact on asset returns. Additionally the result of the two-sample t-test and one-way ANOVA reveal that the impact of liquidity ratios on asset returns is more favorable in state-owned banks compared to private banks, with state-owned banks demonstrating a higher average return on assets. Ultimately, the result can be valuable not only for bank management but also for researchers and those interested in the banking sector.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Cash Ratio
  topic: keywords
subject: Current Ratio (CR)
  topic: keywords
subject: Quick Ratio (QR)
  topic: keywords
subject: Return on Assets (ROA)
  topic: keywords
subject: Banks
  topic: keywords
creator: Ahmad Samir Enami
creator: Ajmal Arian
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Kateb International Journal of Economics and Management
date: 2026-04-14
publication date: 2026-04-14
starting page: 105
ending page: 125

Meta-Analysis of Factors Influencing Rural Entrepreneurship in Afghanistan
type: item
description: One of the fundamental concepts in conventional economic theories is "Pareto efficiency," which is recognized as a criterion for economic efficiency in resource allocation. This criterion is based on the principle of increasing individual utility without decreasing the utility of others and holds a special place in classical economic analyses. However, criticisms have been leveled against this criterion by justice-oriented schools of thought, especially Islamic economics. The present study, with a comparative approach, analyzes the conceptual and evaluative aspects of Pareto efficiency from the perspectives of Islamic economics and conventional economics. The research methodology in this study is descriptive-analytical, and data was collected through documentary methods using valid scientific sources. The findings indicate that while conventional economics seeks allocative efficiency within a free market framework, Islamic economics emphasizes the integration of justice, efficiency, and Sharia legitimacy. In fact, Islamic economics replaces the purely technical concept of Pareto optimality with "ethical optimization." Furthermore, an examination of modern global economic theories such as sustainable development and human well-being reveals a growing tendency towards justice-oriented models, which aligns with the foundations of Islamic economics. Consequently, a re-evaluation of the concept of economic optimization and the presentation of an integrated Islamic-human-centered model can be an effective step towards justice-oriented economic development in the contemporary world.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Pareto optimality
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic economics
  topic: keywords
subject: conventional economics
  topic: keywords
subject: economic justice
  topic: keywords
subject: economic efficiency
  topic: keywords
subject: ethical optimization
  topic: keywords
subject: welfare theory
  topic: keywords
creator: Nawroaz Mozaffari
creator: Mohammad Fahim Rahimi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Kateb International Journal of Economics and Management
date: 2026-04-14
publication date: 2026-04-14
starting page: 83
ending page: 104

Examining the Relationship Between Employee’s Job Satisfaction and Performance: A Case Study of Administrative Employees at Kabul Education University
type: item
description: The study aims to examine and elucidate the relationship between job satisfaction and job performance among administrative employees at Kabul Education University. This study employed a descriptive–correlational design. Data were collected using two standardized instruments: The Minnesota Job Satisfaction Questionnaire (1930), which comprises six dimensions and 19 items, and the Patterson Job Performance Questionnaire (1999), which includes 15 items. The population of this study consisted of 87 administrative employees of the university. Based on Cochran’s formula and employing a simple random sampling method, a sample of 86 participants was selected at a 99% confidence level. The findings indicated that the average level of job satisfaction among employees was above the midpoint. The highest levels of satisfaction were associated with the components of salary, nature of the job, opportunities for advancement, and physical conditions, while satisfaction with the organizational environment was at a moderate level. The lowest satisfaction was related to the leadership style component. Furthermore, the findings revealed that the job performance of the university’s administrative employees was above the average level; however, the relationship between job satisfaction and job performance was positive but not statistically significant.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Job
  topic: keywords
subject: Job Performance
  topic: keywords
subject: Job Satisfaction
  topic: keywords
subject: Kabul Education University
  topic: keywords
subject: Performance
  topic: keywords
creator: Abdulaziz Azad
creator: Sayed Abdulsamad Mushtaq
creator: Ali Jan Rahimi
creator: Abdulsalam Abed
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Kateb International Journal of Economics and Management
date: 2026-04-14
publication date: 2026-04-14
starting page: 65
ending page: 82

The Impact of Microfinance on the Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in Kabul (A Case Study of District 13)
type: item
description: This study aims to examine the impact of microfinance on the performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in District 13 of Kabul city. Given the significant role SMEs play in employment generation and economic dynamism in Afghanistan’s urban communities, they continue to face challenges such as limited access to financial resources, lack of proper credit infrastructure, and strict lending conditions from financial institutions. Therefore, evaluating the effectiveness of microfinance in enhancing SME performance is of great importance. The main objective of the research is to analyze how key components such as access to microloans, repayment terms, supplementary support (such as financial training and consulting), and credit rating systems influence performance indicators including profitability, sales growth, production capacity, and market expansion. This quantitative study collected data using a structured questionnaire, through simple random sampling from 302 owners and managers of SMEs in District 13 of Kabul. The data were analyzed using SPSS software and statistical tools such as descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation, multiple regression, and ANOVA. Findings reveal that microfinance has a significant and positive impact on SMEs’ financial and business performance. Moreover, flexible repayment conditions, financial literacy programs, and credit rating systems play a crucial role in building trust, reducing financial risk, and encouraging reinvestment. The study concludes by emphasizing the importance of expanding the microfinance system as one of the most effective mechanisms for supporting small and medium-sized enterprises in urban areas like District 13 of Kabul.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Microfinance
  topic: keywords
subject: Business Performance
  topic: keywords
subject: Small and Medium Enterprises
  topic: keywords
subject: Repayment Conditions
  topic: keywords
subject: District 13 of Kabul
  topic: keywords
creator: Najibullah Arshad
creator: Ezatullah Karimi
creator: Mohammad Akbar Rasuli
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Kateb International Journal of Economics and Management
date: 2026-04-14
publication date: 2026-04-14
starting page: 43
ending page: 64

Examining the Impact of Entrepreneurship on Income Distribution Inequality in Selected South Asian Countries (2003–2023)
type: item
description: Income inequality is considered one of the major challenges to sustainable development in developing countries. This study aims to examine the impact of entrepreneurship on income distribution inequality in selected South Asian countries, namely India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan, over the period 2003–2023. The data are collected from reliable international sources, including the World Bank, the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), and the United Nations Human Development Reports. For empirical analysis, panel data techniques and a nonlinear regression model with economic and institutional control variables are employed. To address endogeneity and the dynamic nature of the relationships, the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) is applied. The entrepreneurship index is decomposed into necessity-driven and opportunity-driven entrepreneurship in order to capture the qualitative dimension of entrepreneurial activities. The results indicate that entrepreneurship has a statistically significant and inequality-reducing effect on income distribution. Moreover, opportunity-driven entrepreneurship plays a more prominent role in improving income equality compared to necessity-driven entrepreneurship. The findings also confirm the existence of a stable long-run relationship among the variables of the model. These results highlight the importance of policy attention to the quality of entrepreneurship, strengthening the institutional environment, and providing targeted support for productive and opportunity-driven entrepreneurial activities as effective instruments for reducing inequality and promoting inclusive growth in the South Asian region.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Income inequality
  topic: keywords
subject: Entrepreneurship
  topic: keywords
subject: Risk-taking
  topic: keywords
subject: Income distribution
  topic: keywords
creator: Mustafa Ibrahimi
creator: Baharuddin Sahil
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Kateb International Journal of Economics and Management
date: 2026-04-14
publication date: 2026-04-14
starting page: 17
ending page: 42

The Impact of Government Health Expenditures on Child Mortality in Afghanistan During the Years (2002–2024)
type: item
description: Child mortality is one of the major challenges within the human development index (HDI) framework, posing serious risks to the survival of children. Although the Government of Afghanistan and child-support organizations have implemented comprehensive programs and allocated financial resources to reduce child mortality, the child mortality rate in the country remains a subject of concern. The present study examines the impact of government expenditures on child mortality in Afghanistan during the period 2002–2024. This research employs the ordinary least squares (OLS) method. In the model used for this study, the child mortality rate (CMR) is considered a function of government per-capita health expenditures, per-capita gross domestic product, adult literacy rate, fertility rate, and urbanization rate. The findings of this study indicate that the effect of government health expenditures on child mortality in Afghanistan is negative and statistically significant. Specifically, an increase of one unit in per-capita government health expenditures leads to a decrease of 1.1217 units in the child mortality rate. Overall, the regression results show that several explanatory variables play an important role in explaining variations in the dependent variable. Among these variables, per-capita health expenditures, adult literacy rate, and urbanization rate have a negative and significant impact on the dependent variable. In contrast, the coefficients of women’s fertility rate and per-capita GDP are statistically insignificant; therefore, their definitive effects on the dependent variable cannot be asserted.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Human development index
  topic: keywords
subject: government expenditure
  topic: keywords
subject: child mortality
  topic: keywords
subject: Afghanistan
  topic: keywords
creator: Sayed Hadi Alimi
creator: Musa Farooqi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Kateb International Journal of Economics and Management
date: 2026-04-14
publication date: 2026-04-14
starting page: 1
ending page: 16

Investigating the Factors Affecting the Export of High Technology Product in emerging countries 2007-2017
type: item
description: The use of new technologies in the production of products by developed countries has reduced the production costs and increased corporate profits. So that in recent decades, the export of high-tech products has been considered as an important factor of economic growth. And it is one of the most important economic goals of developed and emerging countries. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the export of high-tech products in emerging economic countries (Malaysia, Singapore, China, Hong Kong, Brazil, South Korea, Turkey and India) during the period of 2007-2017. random effects method for panel data was used for estimation. The results show that during the period under review, the variables of good governance (government effectiveness), degree of economic openness and real effective exchange rate have a positive and significant effect, but the variable of foreign investment has a negative and significant effect on Exports high-tech products. Among the variables under consideration, the variable of information and communication infrastructure (Internet) has no effect on the export of high-tech products.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: High Technology Export
  topic: keywords
subject: Emerging Countries and Degree of Economic Openness.
  topic: keywords
creator: Raziye Rezaie
creator: Sediqa Rezaee
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 Kateb International Journal of Economics and Management
date: 2022-09-20
publication date: 2022-09-20
starting page: 111
ending page: 130

Investigating the Impact of Government Size on Gross Domestic Product in Afghanistan Using the Vector Regression (VAR) Model
type: item
description: Governments in terms of intervention in the economics of classical government begin and end in centralized planning government. The relationship between government spending and GDP is also unclear in economic theories. The statistics and performance of some developed and developing economies in the last few decades indicate that exceeding the size of the government required to provide basic services leads to a decline in GDP. The main purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of government size on the GDP of Afghanistan based on the data of 1381–1958. For this purpose, the effects of state size have been investigated using the vector self-regression (VAR) model. Overall, the results indicate that the relationship between government size, total spending and GDP has a positive significant relationship. On the contrary, there is a significant negative relationship between labor and GDP, one of which is the lack of skilled labor in Afghanistan.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: GDP
  topic: keywords
subject: government size
  topic: keywords
subject: Afghanistan
  topic: keywords
subject: vector self-regression model
  topic: keywords
subject: C32
  topic: keywords
subject: E52
  topic: keywords
subject: F43
  topic: keywords
subject: JEL
  topic: keywords
creator: Mohammad Ebraim Askari
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 Kateb International Journal of Economics and Management
date: 2022-09-22
publication date: 2022-09-22
starting page: 89
ending page: 110

Investigating the effect of financial policy on inflation with emphasis on government expenditures In Afghanistan in the period (1381-1395)
type: item
description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of current and development expenditures as instruments of fiscal policy and exchange rate, real money supply and GDP on macroeconomic variables such as inflation in the Afghan economy, using annual data, during the period (2002-2011). Is. In this regard, the econometric model of vector regression was used. The results show that in the short run, real current expenditures, real liquidity, and exchange rates increase inflation in Afghanistan. While the increase in real development expenditures and GDP reduces inflation are also statistically significant; But in the long run, it is only the increase in GDP that will reduce inflation in the Afghan economy. Considering the results obtained, in the short run, in order to control inflation, the share of construction expenditures in the government budget should be increased, and in the long run, discipline in government expenditures is the most effective policy in controlling inflation.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Inflation
  topic: keywords
subject: Current Expenditures
  topic: keywords
subject: Construction Expenditures
  topic: keywords
subject: Money Volume
  topic: keywords
subject: var
  topic: keywords
creator: Mohammad GhafariFard
creator: Seyed Taher Mosavi
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 Kateb International Journal of Economics and Management
date: 2022-09-20
publication date: 2022-09-20
starting page: 63
ending page: 88

Investigating the trend of scientific production in the field of entrepreneurial ecosystem: Bibliometric analysis
type: item
description: The purpose of this study is bibliometric analysis (bibliometrics) of scientific documents published in Scopus database on the subject of entrepreneurial ecosystem and drawing its scientific map in the period 1994–2020. Methods and resources used in this descriptive-analytical study, 624 scientific articles as a thematic search in the Scopus database with the subject of entrepreneurial ecosystem were bibliometric analysis. Data analysis was performed by the facilities of this database as well as VOS viewer software which is a social network analysis software. It shows that the subject of the entrepreneurial ecosystem has gone through four distinct stages from the beginning to the present. In the first period, scientists focused on the business environment and realized that external environment is also important for business growth. In the second period, they identified the components of the environment and tried to find the factors that affect. In the third period, scientists realized the complexities and various factors and dynamics of the environment and discussed the systemic approach and holism. In the fourth period, due to rapid changes in the environment and information technology in the present century, entrepreneurship as an ecosystem discussion for each region. And focused on digital startups. Entrepreneurship in general is a systemic and process discussion, which is why the ecosystem discussion has been raised.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Bibliometric
  topic: keywords
subject: Entrepreneurial Ecosystem
  topic: keywords
subject: Scopus
  topic: keywords
subject: Illustration
  topic: keywords
subject: Entrepreneurship
  topic: keywords
creator: Hamid Reza Irani
creator: Asef Karimi
creator: Zeanab Molavi
creator: Mohammad Amin Askari
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 Kateb International Journal of Economics and Management
date: 2022-09-22
publication date: 2022-09-22
starting page: 45
ending page: 62

Review of the relative advantage of agricultural product exports from Afghanistan (2005–2018)
type: item
description: Afghanistan is an agricultural country whose economy is also dependent on agriculture, but still, about two-thirds of Afghanistan's arable land is deprived of agriculture or is cultivated for a season due to mismanagement of water resources. On the other hand, for the growth of Afghanistan's economy, it is necessary to export its agricultural products to foreign markets in order to strengthen the country's economy. Due to the importance of this issue, this study has tried to examine the comparative advantage of saffron, apple and grape products, which are among the major agricultural products of Afghanistan among ECO member countries during the years 2005-2018. To measure the comparative advantage of agricultural products, Balasa comparative advantage index has been used and the results of cultivars calculated using Balasa comparative advantage index formula showed that the comparative advantage for all three products of saffron, apple and grape in the period 2005-2018. The results are 26.00952175, 38.7957636 and 38.58484423, respectively, which is higher than (1) for all three products, so the findings indicate that Afghanistan has a comparative advantage in the export of saffron, apples and grapes.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: comparative advantage
  topic: keywords
subject: revealed comparative advantage index
  topic: keywords
subject: saffron
  topic: keywords
subject: apple
  topic: keywords
subject: grapes
  topic: keywords
creator: Hassan Rohani
creator: Ahmad Mohammadi
creator: Hamida Haidari
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 Kateb International Journal of Economics and Management
date: 2022-09-21
publication date: 2022-09-21
starting page: 13
ending page: 44

Income on the Impact of Monetary Policy Channels on Economic Variables Based on the Systemic Dynamic Approach
type: item
description: Monetary policy is a combination of the rules and actions that the central bank performs to achieve its goals. In many countries, the primary goal of monetary policy is price stability. However, some central banks also pursue other goals such as achieving full employment, maintaining domestic financial stability and instability in the balance of external payments. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of monetary policy channels on economic variables with the systemic dynamics approach, which using causal-loops, simply explained the relations between variables and showed that monetary policy, at least in short term the real variables influences the economy, so policy makers must carefully apply monetary policy to control the volume of money and production in the country.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Monetary policy
  topic: keywords
subject: monetary policy transfer mechanism
  topic: keywords
subject: monetary channels
  topic: keywords
subject: system dynamics
  topic: keywords
creator: Dawood Yousofzai
creator: Adela Rahmati
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Kateb International Journal of Economics and Management
date: 2023-03-20
publication date: 2023-03-20
starting page: 123
ending page: 137

The Impact of Income Inequality on Imports in Selected Member Countries of the Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO)
type: item
description: Import is one of the important commercial and economic activities in all countries, which has been prevalent among different societies for the purpose of meeting the needs of the society for a long time, and paying attention to this economic activity in the progress and development of each country is known to be important and vital. Import helps the progress and development of countries when the factors affecting it are considered. In most of the empirical studies, the import of goods and services is a function of the per capita income and real exchange rate, and the impact of the intensity of income inequality on imports has been less investigated. However, the increase in income inequality increases the purchasing power of high-income groups and increases the demand of elastic goods, especially luxury goods, and changes in the composition of domestic and imported consumer goods. The present research has investigated the effect of inequality of income on import in selected ECO member countries (Turkey, Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan) during the period of (2001-2020) using method of generalized least squares (GLS). In this study, Per capita income, real exchange rate and income inequality have been considered as factors affecting imports. The obtained results indicate the existence of a positive and significant relationship between income inequality and imports in the countries under study. In addition, the relationship between per capita income and import is also positive and significant in these countries, but the relationship between real exchange rate and import is not significant.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: income inequality
  topic: keywords
subject: imports
  topic: keywords
subject: real exchange rate
  topic: keywords
subject: per capita income
  topic: keywords
subject: ECO and Panel data
  topic: keywords
creator: Najibullah Arshad
creator: Khairullah Khairkhah
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Kateb International Journal of Economics and Management
date: 2023-03-20
publication date: 2023-03-20
starting page: 107
ending page: 121

Evaluation of Health Indicators of Khalmezbank Islamic Bank of Afghanistan (Bakhtar Bank) Before and After its Conversion to Islamic Banking.
type: item
description: The banking system plays a crucial role in the economy today, as banks collect individuals' capital and make it available to investors, thereby creating a conducive environment for economic growth and development in the country. The objective of this research is to evaluate the performance of the Islamic Bank of Afghanistan (Bakhtar Bank) before and after its conversion to Islamic bank. Based on the balance sheet data of the bank from 2015 to 2020, the study examines and compares the banking health index of the Islamic Bank and the former Bakhtar Bank. Additionally, the Islamic Bank of Afghanistan is compared to the Afghanistan National Bank, the International Bank of Afghanistan, Afghan United Bank, and Ghazanfar Bank, which operate in a mixed manner. Furthermore, the study investigates the contracts present in the Islamic Bank of Afghanistan. The analytical-descriptive method has been employed in this research. The results indicate that Bakhtar Bank performs better than the Islamic Bank of Afghanistan in terms of capital adequacy, management quality, and profitability, while the liquidity index is higher in the Islamic Bank compared to Bakhtar Bank. The capital adequacy and management quality indices of the Islamic Bank of Afghanistan (former Bakhtar Bank) are higher compared to mixed banks, particularly the International Bank of Afghanistan, and lower compared to other banks. The profitability index is higher in mixed banks than in the Islamic Bank of Afghanistan, and the liquidity index is lower in all mixed banks compared to the Islamic Bank of Afghanistan. The contracts used in the Islamic Bank of Afghanistan are Islamic contracts, and their transactions are free from usury (riba).
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Islamic Bank of Afghanistan
  topic: keywords
subject: liquidity index
  topic: keywords
subject: capital adequacy index
  topic: keywords
subject: banking health index
  topic: keywords
creator: Mohammad Ghafari Far
creator: Rahila Nazari
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Kateb International Journal of Economics and Management
date: 2023-03-20
publication date: 2023-03-20
starting page: 79
ending page: 106

The Impact of Macroeconomic Variables on the Economic Growth of Afghanistan (ARDL Approach)
type: item
description: Increasing economic growth is one of the most important goals of policies pursued by governments. Investigating the relationship between macroeconomic variables and economic growth is one of the important topics in macroeconomics literature. Therefore, the current research has investigated the effect of macroeconomic variables (unemployment rate, foreign direct investment, export, inflation, exchange rate, government spending) and the economic growth of Afghanistan during the years 2000-2019. For this purpose, in this research, long-term and short-term relationships between variables have been investigated using the ARDL. The results obtained from the estimation of short-term and long-term models show that there is a relationship between macroeconomic variables and economic growth. The results of the research explain that the variables of unemployment rate, inflation, exchange rate, foreign direct investment in the long and short term have shown a negative effect on Afghanistan's growth and the variable of export and government spending in the long and short term have a negative effect. It has shown a positive effect on Afghanistan's economic growth. The long-term model estimation results show that the export variable has the most positive effect on Afghanistan's economic growth, and the exchange rate and unemployment rate have the most negative effect on Afghanistan's economic growth.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: economic growth
  topic: keywords
subject: unemployment rate
  topic: keywords
subject: foreign direct investment
  topic: keywords
subject: export
  topic: keywords
subject: ARDL
  topic: keywords
creator: Abbas Ali Abounouri
creator: Mohammad Ghafari Fard
creator: Rahila Nazari
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Kateb International Journal of Economics and Management
date: 2023-03-22
publication date: 2023-03-22
starting page: 51
ending page: 78

University E-learning Model in Afghanistan
type: item
description: The purpose of this research was to provide a university E-learning model that is compatible to the existing conditions of the higher education system in Afghanistan, which was done with qualitative approach. In this exploratory-developmental research, the data collection tool was interview. The statistical population included the professors of Balkh and Samangan Universities with doctorate and master's degrees, preferably educated abroad, which formed a statistical sample of 20 people using the snowball method. Grounded theory technique with systematic approach was used to analyze and present the model. In the open coding stage, 212 initial codes were extracted and finally 72 concepts were explained, which formed the university e-learning model in Afghanistan in the form of 25 components and 15 categories. In the presented model as causal conditions; Education with the international standards in any situation-education at the lowest cost; as the background conditions; Software and hardware facilities-development and strengthening of the learning process; as important strategies; Financial and human support-choosing modern global learning and qualified education; as a central phenomenon; better learning-new attitude-adjustment of laws and austerity economy; as important consequences; Achieving the learning goals of the 21st century-more awareness and better environment-flourishing of talents with the ideal education and finally comprehensive education are among the categories of the university e-learning model in Afghanistan.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: E-learning
  topic: keywords
subject: virtual university
  topic: keywords
subject: istance education
  topic: keywords
subject: higher education of Afghanistan
  topic: keywords
creator: Mohammad Shah Sediq
creator: Nahid Naderi Bani
creator: Hossein Khanifar
creator: Mohammad Miriae
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Kateb International Journal of Economics and Management
date: 2023-03-20
publication date: 2023-03-20

The Impact of Information and Communication Technology on the Exports and Imports of BRICS Member Countries During the Years 2000 to 2020.
type: item
description: Since the second half of the 20th century, with the entry of computers into the market and the transformation in the field of information and communication, the revolution of information and communication technology took place, and the application of the effect of information and communication technology on economic growth has become one of the controversial issues. In this research, the impact of information and communication technology on exports and imports has been investigated using a logarithmic model. It has been estimated that the GLS method was used to estimate the parameters, and the results showed a positive and significant impact of information and communication technology on the export and import of BRICS member countries, as well as the impact of information and communication variables on export and import. In case of a 1% increase in mobile phone users in these countries, exports will decrease by 0.899% and imports will increase by 0.341559%. In case of a 1% increase in fixed phone users in these countries, exports will be 0.2236% increases by 1% and import increases by 0.1860. In case of 1% increase in mobile internet users in these countries, export increases by 0.1242% and import decreases by 0.2314% and in case of 1% increase in Fast and fixed internet users in these countries, exports increase by 0.1560% and imports increase by 0.0422%.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: information and communication
  topic: keywords
subject: Export, Import
  topic: keywords
subject: panal data
  topic: keywords
subject: BRICS
  topic: keywords
creator: Najibullah Arshad
creator: Idris Ahmadi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Kateb International Journal of Economics and Management
date: 2023-03-20
publication date: 2023-03-20

Determinants of Vulnerability to Poverty in Afghanistan
type: item
description: The present study is devoted to identify the factors and forces that are responsible for keeping some households in poverty whereas enables other to escape low level of living and poverty in the country. In fact, the information on the probable causes of poverty and vulnerability is crucial and a pre-requisite to design the most appropriate strategy for mitigating poverty and vulnerability of the households. Policies need to be initiated to overcome the potential causes of trapping people in poverty whereas initiatives also need to be undertaken to capacitate people to escape poverty or enable them to keep above the poverty threshold level. Such factors and forces are likely to be specific characteristics of the households themselves and specific attributes associated with the overall socio-economic environment where household happens to be located. In fact such environmental attributes tend to affect households differently through exchange entitlements of the household endowments in the market (Sen, 1971). Therefore, we propose to test the role of both household specific and its environmental related factors as potential determinants of household poverty and vulnerability in Afghanistan.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Household poverty
  topic: keywords
subject: Vulnerability
  topic: keywords
subject: Poverty mitigation
  topic: keywords
subject: Socio-economic environment
  topic: keywords
creator: Mohammad Hakim Haider
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Kateb International Journal of Economics and Management
date: 2025-12-08
publication date: 2025-12-08

The Impact of Consumer Price Index on Foreign Exchange Reserves of Afghanistan
type: item
description: The Foreign Exchange Reserves (FERs) are important tool and source of financing for the state of national development used for balance of payment and maintains in foreign currencies by the central bank of Afghanistan. In addition, Inflation is measured by Consumer Price Index (CPI) is the change in price of a basket of goods and services bought by a group of households. This study investigated the impact of CPI on foreign exchange reserves of Afghanistan and used regression model. The time series data was collected from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) website and is monthly (2014– 2020). Moreover, the data was normalized by using Log. The results indicate that CPI has a negative association with FERs in Afghanistan as CPI increases, FER decreases and vice versa. The government may improve FERs while boosting the country's economy and may consider different strategies to monitor inflation.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Consumer Price Index
  topic: keywords
subject: Foreign Exchange Reserves
  topic: keywords
subject: Inflation
  topic: keywords
creator: Nadir Shah Nadir
creator: Ezatullah Karimi
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Kateb International Journal of Economics and Management
date: 2023-09-22
publication date: 2023-09-22

Economic Management and Its Role in Child Upbringing
type: item
description: This paper explores the role and impact of economic management of household and child upbringing. The main aim is to highlight the significant role of “household economics” and “child upbringing” in human economic life. Additionally, a substantial portion of “household economics” is allocated to the expenses related to children. The main question addressed is whether parents' economic management of their children has a positive impact on household economics and their children's upbringing. It is assumed that as one of God’s creations who possesses the blessings of intellect and education, humans have a responsibility to be sensitive and serious about their own economy and that of their children. The findings of this research indicate that the economic management of children plays a fundamental role in household economics and child upbringing. This is because a portion of the family’s expenses is attributed to the expenses related to children. Parents have the duty to provide education and upbringing to their children during childhood, adolescence, and youth, taking the aspect of “economic upbringing” seriously. By implementing proper economic management, they can create the conditions for a healthy and well-educated society. This paper employs analytical and descriptive methods and relies on relevant sources to emphasize the importance of considering factors such as children’s age when providing daily expenses, meeting basic needs, guiding savings, teaching proper purchasing management, and moderating consumption. It also emphasizes the responsible role parents play in guiding and managing their children as responsible members of society. Based on the significant findings of this research, parents, especially fathers, should guide their children towards moderation, prudence, avoiding extravagance, emphasizing savings, investment, budget constraints, planning, decision-making, freedom of choice, and monitoring their behavior. Furthermore, they should focus on educati…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Economic Upbringing
  topic: keywords
subject: Economic Management
  topic: keywords
subject: Parents
  topic: keywords
subject: Household Economics
  topic: keywords
creator: Mohammad Eshaq Mahdawi
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Kateb International Journal of Economics and Management
date: 2023-09-22
publication date: 2023-09-22

The Impact of Knowledge-Based Human Resource Management with the Mediating Role of Intellectual Capital and Social Capital on Innovation in Afghan Manufacturing Companies
type: item
description: Objective: Effective and efficient knowledge management is considered an important factor in achieving sustainable competitive advantage for organizations. This study aims to analyze the impact of knowledge-based human resource management with the mediating role of intellectual capital and social capital on innovation in manufacturing companies in Afghanistan. Design/Methodology/Approach: To examine the relationship of knowledge-based human resource management on intellectual capital, social capital, and innovation, a structural equation modeling approach is used based on data collected from managers of manufacturing companies in Afghanistan. The research instrument is a questionnaire consisting of 109 questions. Among them, 5 questions are for demographic purposes, 26 questions aim to assess the knowledge management process, 40 questions for intellectual capital, 21 questions for social capital, and 17 questions for innovation. The questionnaire is distributed to managers of Afghan manufacturing companies. Findings: The results indicate that knowledge-based human resource management has a direct and significant impact on intellectual capital and social capital, but it does not have a direct and significant impact on innovation. However, knowledge-based human resource management has a significant positive relationship with innovation through the mediating role of social and intellectual capital. Practical Implications: The scientific implications of this research lead to the development of knowledge-based human resource management, intellectual capital, social capital, and innovation in companies. Effective and implemented knowledge management can contribute to advances in the innovation performance of companies. The findings can be utilized by specialists and managers interested in advancing knowledge-based human resource management that leads to innovation.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Knowledge Management
  topic: keywords
subject: Intellectual Capital
  topic: keywords
subject: Social Capital
  topic: keywords
subject: Innovation
  topic: keywords
subject: Afghan Manufacturing Companies.
  topic: keywords
creator: Mohammad Ali Fahimi
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Kateb International Journal of Economics and Management
date: 2023-09-22
publication date: 2023-09-22

The Impact of the Tourism Industry on Income Distribution in Selected Developing Countries during 2010-2020
type: item
description: Equitable income distribution and efforts to reduce inequality are among the most important concerns of societies in the contemporary world. Developing countries are seeking income-generating resources while simultaneously striving to reduce income inequalities. The tourism industry, as one of the most significant income and employment-generating sectors, can contribute to the achievement of both employment and income goals simultaneously. This study examines the impact of the tourism industry on income distribution in selected developing countries during the period 2010-2020, using a combined data approach. The results of the estimation indicate a significant negative relationship between income derived from the tourism industry and the Gini coefficient. Therefore, an increase in the number of tourists leads to a reduction in income inequality and consequently improves income distribution. To sustain this effect, tourism growth should benefit productive factors with lower income levels. Hence, the development and structure of the tourism industry are crucial, especially considering that tourism development can serve as a way out of the single-product economy for selected developing countries. Consequently, these countries can not only improve income distribution through traditional and well-known income distribution resources such as taxes, subsidies, and investments in human resources but also through the expansion of the tourism industry.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Tourism industry
  topic: keywords
subject: Income distribution
  topic: keywords
subject: Trade openness
  topic: keywords
subject: selected developing countries
  topic: keywords
creator: Mustafa Ibrahimi
creator: Abdul Wahid Mohammadi
creator: Ghulam Ali Mohebi
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Kateb International Journal of Economics and Management
date: 2023-09-22
publication date: 2023-09-22

Investigating the Impact of Information and Communication Technology on the Business Environment in BRICS Countries from 2000 to 2020
type: item
description: One of the most important applications of information and communication technology (ICT) is in the field of economics. The impact of ICT on this field can be observed through various ways. The business environment is one of the key elements of a country's economic environment that is influenced by ICT. Therefore, this article examines the impact of ICT on the business environment in BRICS countries from 2000 to 2020. The data is extracted from the World Bank website, the statistical database of trade, and the Heritage Foundation. The research model is estimated using the Generalized Least Squares (GLS) method. The findings confirm the main hypothesis of the study, which states that there is a positive and significant impact of the ICT index on the business environment in BRICS countries. Specifically, with a one-unit increase in the ICT index, the business environment index increases by 0.8245 units in BRICS countries. This indicates that the studied countries have effectively utilized the advantages and capabilities of ICT to improve their business environment.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Information and Communication Technology
  topic: keywords
subject: Business Environment
  topic: keywords
subject: Composite Data
  topic: keywords
subject: BRICS
  topic: keywords
creator: Najibullah Arshad
creator: Farhad Behrangi
creator: Nadir Shah Nadir
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Kateb International Journal of Economics and Management
date: 2025-12-08
publication date: 2025-12-08

A Comparative Analysis of Islamic and Conventional Banking
type: item
description: The performance of banks across different countries exhibits varying outcomes. These disparities can be attributed to the efficiency of banks in mobilizing and allocating resources, as well as the absence of various regulatory constraints between banks and the public. The prohibition of interest in Islam, coupled with its pivotal role in economic discourse as a linchpin connecting goods and services markets, the money market, and the balance of payments, has posed a significant challenge to Islamic societies and Muslims. As a potential solution to this dilemma, Islamic banking has been introduced in numerous Islamic countries and even in some non-Islamic nations, either on a nationwide or regional scale. Despite its inherent challenges, limitations, and shortcomings, Islamic banking offers distinct advantages compared to conventional banking.This research adopts an analytical-descriptive approach and employs a library research methodology. By drawing on various sources, the study delves into a comparative analysis of Islamic and conventional banking systems. Islamic banking, fundamentally rooted in Islamic culture and knowledge, is an integral component of a broader framework. The findings suggest that a comparative analysis of resource mobilization and allocation methods in conventional and Islamic banking reveals a greater diversity of resource mobilization methods and incentive tools within the Islamic banking system. However, the incentive tools employed in the conventional banking system are generally more robust and stable.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Objectives of Islamic banking
  topic: keywords
subject: Conventional banking
  topic: keywords
subject: Successes and challenges of Islamic banking
  topic: keywords
creator: Khowaja Abdul Jawad Siddiqi
creator: Bibi Deyana Hidayat
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Kateb International Journal of Economics and Management
date: 2024-03-19
publication date: 2024-03-19

Examination of Monetary and Fiscal Policies in the Islamic Economic System with a System Dynamics Approach
type: item
description: The aim of this research is to examine monetary and fiscal policies within Islamic economics, utilizing system dynamics to analyze the pathways through which money supply, government revenues, and government expenditures influence the economy. This method employs causal relationships to enhance the understanding of how fiscal and monetary policies operate in an Islamic economic framework. Findings in the area of monetary policy indicate that its impact is mediated through variables such as investment, consumption, and exchange rates. Furthermore, in Islamic economics, the government can utilize fixed and variable profit rates instead of interest rates. In terms of fiscal policy, results show that Islamic governments tend to face lower budget deficits due to the existence of various revenue sources beyond taxation. Additionally, through the application of fiscal policies in Islamic economics, the government can also control inflation within society.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Fiscal policy
  topic: keywords
subject: Monetary policy
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic economics
  topic: keywords
subject: System dynamics
  topic: keywords
subject: Vensim
  topic: keywords
creator: Dawood Yousofzai
creator: Adela Rahmati
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Kateb International Journal of Economics and Management
date: 2025-12-07
publication date: 2025-12-07